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Beginner · Lessons: 4

Data brokers: who sells your life

How personal data is collected, combined and sold, and the practical steps that reduce what they get.

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  1. 1 What data brokers are and what they collect

    Companies you have never dealt with directly hold detailed profiles on you, built from sources you never agreed to. Here is who they are and what they hold.

    8 min
  2. 2 How your data gets out: apps, cookies, location and public records

    Four everyday paths carry your information to data brokers: the software inside your apps, trackers on websites, your phone’s location, and records you cannot opt out of.

    9 min
  3. 3 Your rights and how to opt out

    What the EU, France, California and the US federal government actually let you ask a data broker to do — and the realistic limits of each option.

    9 min
  4. 4 Reducing your data trail on a Mac and phone

    Concrete, built-in settings on macOS and iPhone that reduce what reaches data brokers, without disabling anything that protects you.

    8 min

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